South African Constitution > Summary of the Constitution > Chapter 1: Founding provisions Sections 1–6
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Chapter 1: Founding provisions Sections 1–6

Section 1

The Republic of South Africa will be one, sovereign, democratic state founded on the following values:

  • Human dignity, equality, advancement of human rights and freedoms
  • Non-racialism and non-sexism
  • The constitution will be supreme
  • The rule of law will be supreme
  • All adults will be able to vote
  • There will be a common voter’s roll
  • There will be regular elections
  • There will be a multi-party system of democratic government to make sure there is accountability and openness
Section 2

The Constitution is the highest law in the law in the country and everyone will be bound by the Constitution. Any laws that go against the Constitution will be changed or set aside.

Section 3

All South Africans are South African citizens. Every citizen is equal and has a right to the rights and privileges of being a citizen of South Africa. Everyone also has duties, obligations and responsibilities of being a citizen of South Africa.

(See: Chapter 2 Citizenship)

Section 4

The national flag will be black, gold, green, white, red and blue.

Section 5

The national anthem will be decided by the president.

Section 6

There are 11 official languages. These are: Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, Xitsonga, Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa and isiZulu.

A Pan-South African Language Board must promote the use of all official languages, the Khoi, Nama and San languages, and sign language. It must promote and respect other languages used in South Africa such as Arabic, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindi, Portuguese, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telegu, Urdu and other languages used for religious purposes.