South African citizens can have citizenship in other countries provided individuals comply with certain procedures. In terms of the South African Citizenship Amendment Act of 2004 (No 17 of 2004) an adult South African citizen, who has dual citizenship or nationality, can freely use their foreign passport outside South Africa. However, they must use their South African passport to depart from or enter South Africa.
Anyone over 18 seeking dual citizenship must first apply to retain their South African nationality.

According to the South African Citizenship Amendment Act a citizen is guilty of an offence and is liable to a fine or imprisonment if they:

• Enter or depart from the Republic by making use of the passport of another country
• While in the Republic, make use of their citizenship from another country to gain advantage or avoid duty