Chapter 13
Related Sections
1
INTRODUCTION
2
WHAT IS A CONTRACT?
3
What are the requirements for a contract?
4
Can a minor enter into a contract?
5
Married people and contracts
6
Breaking a contract
7
What happens if there is a breach of contract?
8
When does a contract end?
9
THE NATIONAL CREDIT ACT (NCA) NO 34 OF 2005
10
The National Credit Amendment Act (No 7 of 2019)
11
The National Credit Regulator (NCR) and the Consumer Tribunal
12
Rules when marketing to consumers
13
Putting a ceiling on interest rates, fees and charges
14
Types of credit agreements
15
Protection when making a loan application
16
Reckless lending
17
Debt counselling
18
Administration order
19
Role of credit bureaus
20
Where can consumers lodge a complaint?
21
CONSUMER RIGHTS UNDER THE CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT, 2008 (CPA)
22
The right to privacy
23
The right to choose (including the right to choose to cancel)
24
The right to good quality and safety
25
The right to responsible marketing
26
The right to information
27
How can consumers lodge a complaint?
28
REPAYING DEBT
29
Legal consequences of defaulting on debt obligations
30
Judgements and other court orders
31
CONSUMER RIGHTS AND REMEDIES IN THE LEGAL PROCESS
32
General guidelines for consumers
33
Defences – Prescription and in duplum
34
Debt collector’s rules
35
When and how to have a judgement rescinded
36
Applying to court to have an emolument (salary) attachment order rescinded or amended
37
Applying to court to stop the sale of your goods
38
ATTORNEY’S FEES AND CHARGES
39
BEING UNDER ADMINISTRATION
40
USING A DEBT COUNSELLOR
41
HANDING BACK (SURRENDERING) GOODS BOUGHT ON CREDIT
42
MICROLENDING AND MICROLENDERS
43
What is microlending?
44
INSURANCE
45
What is insurance?
46
Life assurance
47
Short-term insurance
48
Investment insurance
49
Retirement annuity
50
PROBLEMS
51
Problem 1: Minor entering into a contract
52
Problem 2: Breaking a promise
53
Problem 3: Breach of contract
54
Problem 4: Something goes wrong with goods you have bought
55
Problem 5: Helping a person assess their financial situation and drawing up a budget
56
Problem 6: Helping a person who has a problem with repaying debt
57
Problem 7: Helping a person who has a problem with getting credit
58
Problem 8: Granting credit recklessly
59
Problem 9: Going to a debt counsellor
60
Problem 10: Repossession of goods with a valid court order
61
Problem 11: Repossession of goods without a court order
62
Problem 12: How to respond to a summons
63
Problem 13: Repossessed goods are sold for less than the amount still owing on the goods
64
Problem 14: Getting a civil judgment in a criminal case
65
Problem 15: Being robbed at an ATM
66
Problem 16: Cell phone scams, e-mail scams and card cloning
67
CHECKLIST
68
Checklist: Particulars to take for a consumer law problem

Problem 8: Granting credit recklessly

Ms Adams has just finished her studies to become a teacher and still has some student loans to pay. To get a good job she wants to make a favourable impression during her interviews, so she wants to buy some smart new clothes. She goes to the clothing store and asks them if she can open an account. The customer service department gives her a form to fill in which asks for her personal details as well as how much she earns. She explains that she does not have a job yet. However, the customer service department tells her not to worry as she will be sure to get a job within the month and then will be able to pay the monthly instalments.

Even though Ms Adams knows she will have no money if she does not get a job, she decides to take a small loan from the store and open the account. She buys clothes for R1 000. After three months, Ms Adams still does not have a job. She now has her study loan and a clothing account to pay and she is very worried. She goes to an advice office to see what she can do.

WHAT DOES THE LAW SAY?

Under the National Credit Act, credit providers have a responsibility to make sure that a consumer can afford to pay back the new debt. If not, then credit may have been granted ‘recklessly’. (See Reckless lending)

WHAT CAN YOU DO?

You believe that Ms Adams was granted credit recklessly because she had clearly explained to the store that she did not yet have a job. You explain what this means to her and give her the name of a registered debt counsellor to contact. counselling)